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Gender in practice : guidelines & methods to address gender based crime in armed conflict
The physical and psychological consequences of sexualised violence are closely related. However, the two aspects will be dealt with separately here, as classical distinctions drawn between the institutions providing help (medical, psychosocial/ psychotherapy) mean that they deal with these aspects separately. Multiple forms of health impairment are seen in survivors of sexualised violence in war. The acts of violence are per se often particularly atrocious: “The most brutal use of violence in the form of blows, ill-treatment and humiliating behaviour, which in almost all cases goes far beyond the degree of violence that would have been needed to carry out the rape” (Bittenbinder 1999, p. 46). Pregnant women (and their unborn children) seem – as in the case of torture – to be the focus of particular aggression 31 . Often they do not survive rapes. Many women suffer severe physical injuries with irreversible secondary injuries and functional losses. Furthermore numerous functional disturbances occur in the hormonal and vegetative systems. The women’s physical and psychological exhaustion makes them more vulnerable to infectious diseases 32 . In addition during rape women may be infected with venereal diseases or HIV/AIDS. Injuries and functional impairment of the genital organs may also lead to complications later during pregnancy 33 and childbirth, and may also cause infertility
KP.II.000291 | KP.II INT g | My Library | Available |
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