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Booklet 5 back home: return and reintegration
One distinctive aspect of returning home is the likelihood of returnees to choose business ventures or self-employment rather than go into paid employment. Depending on the context, this may or may not be a result of the lack of formal employment available in their home countries. Starting a business is often perceived as one of the expected gains of overseas employment. However, there are often serious problems with the viability and sustainability of these business ventures Lack of capital is one problem,relating both to the difficulty in accessing credit and the lack of savings of the potential entrepreneur. Moreover, many returnees lack skills or experience but do not seek assistance from anyone outside their family circle in setting up the business. Being unaware of possible business opportunities that can be exploited,returnees often opt forthe types of businesses which others have engaged in,regardless of whether such businesses optimise the use of their resources or not and regardless of the market potentials Successful reintegration into the domestic labour market is perhaps the most important aspect of return. On the part of the individual woman return migrant worker, it will determine whether she is able to stay home or has to re-migrate, whetherthe sacrifices she made by working abroad are eventually fruitful and whether she is able to make productive use of her migration experience and resources. On the part of the government, successful reintegration of return migrants into the domestic labour market will mean more productive and fuller use of the country’s human and financialresources – including, very importantly, the skills and savings acquired from abroad. Re-entry into the labour market should not, however, mean only self-employment and the setting up of new businesses. Greater effort should be put into helping return migrants, especially those with newly acquired skills, to find appropriate wage employment
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