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Seventeen frequently asked questions about united nations special rapporteurs fact sheet no. 27
Millions of people around the world look to the United Nations to resolve problems that affect their daily lives. They expect the United Nations to work towards the improvement of their standard of living and enhance their enjoyment of fundamental rights and freedoms. The challenge of achieving universal respect for all human rights remains as daunting as ever. The denial of human rights has been at the root of many conflicts. The change in the nature of conflicts—from international to internal— during the past decade has made the link between peace and security, economic and social affairs, democratization, development, good governance and humanitarian issues more obvious. In order to prevent internal conflicts, greater emphasis should be placed on early warning mechanisms in the human rights area as well as on strengthening national institutional capacities to address human rights concerns. The United Nations human rights mechanisms contribute to the United Nations early warning system. Since its creation in 1945, the United Nations has worked diligently and systematically to promote and protect human rights. It has enabled the international community to organize its response to human rights violations. Since 1979, special mechanisms have been created by the United Nations to examine specific country situations or themes from a human rights perspective. The United Nations Commission on Human Rights has mandated experts to study particular human rights issues. These experts now constitute what are known as the United Nations human rights mechanisms or mandates, or the system of special procedures. Although the mandateholders have different titles, such as special rapporteur, special representative or independent expert, each is considered as an “expert on mission” within the meaning of the 1946 Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations. This is why they are all referred to here as “experts”. The United Nations special procedures system has been able to bring the intergovernmental debate on human rights closer to the reality on the ground. During recent years, the United Nations human rights experts have brought to the attention of the international community many issues of concern, such as police brutality, summary executions
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