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Composition and Dynamics of the Sonosphere Along a Soil-Surface Ecotone at an Agricultural Site in Northern Italy: A Preliminary Approach

Investigating the sonosphere can serve as a valuable proxy for understanding various ecosystem processes. Consequently, an ecoacoustic perspective broadens our capacity to understand how airborne sounds interact along an ecotone at the soil surface with the subterranean sounds generated within a pedon. We explored techniques that could detect, quantify, and analyze the sonic dimensions of a sonosphere in the form of sounds within a unit of soil (sonopedon), sounds from a landscape unit (sonotope), and the sonic ecotone (sonotone) where these phenomena converge. We recorded sounds for 24 h over 20 days in September 2024 at 40 sites distributed evenly across a small rural parcel of agricultural land in Northern Italy. We utilized a sound recording device fabricated with a sonic probe that simultaneously operated inside the soil and the grounds’ surface, which successfully captured sounds attributable both to the soilscape and to the landscape. We calculated the Sonic Heterogeneity Indices, SHItf and SHIft, and analyzed the Spectral and Temporal Sonic Signatures along with Spectral Sonic Variability, Effective Number of Frequency Bins, and Sonic Dissimilarity. Each calculation contributed to a detailed description of how the sonosphere is characterized across the frequency spectrum, temporal dynamics, and sound sources. The sonosphere in our study area, primarily characterized by the low-frequency spectra, possessed a mix of biological, geophysical, and anthropogenic sounds displaying distinct temporal patterns (sonophases) that coincided with astronomic divisions of the day (daytime, twilights, and nighttime).

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378550Perpustakaan BIG (Eksternal Harddisk)Available
Detail Information
Series Title
Geosciences
Call Number
550
Publisher
Switzerland : MPDI.,
Collation
18 hlm PDF, 2.522 KB
Language
Inggris
ISBN/ISSN
2076-3263
Classification
550
Content Type
text
Media Type
-
Carrier Type
online resource
Edition
Vol.15, Issue 2, February 2025
Subject(s)
sonosphere
sonopedon
sonic heterogeneity index
temporal sonic signature
spectral sonic signature
sonic variability
effective number of frequency bins
sonic spectral dissimilarity
sonic temporal dissimilarity
Specific Detail Info
Geosciences
Statement of Responsibility
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  • Composition and Dynamics of the Sonosphere Along a Soil-Surface Ecotone at an Agricultural Site in Northern Italy: A Preliminary Approach
    Investigating the sonosphere can serve as a valuable proxy for understanding various ecosystem processes. Consequently, an ecoacoustic perspective broadens our capacity to understand how airborne sounds interact along an ecotone at the soil surface with the subterranean sounds generated within a pedon. We explored techniques that could detect, quantify, and analyze the sonic dimensions of a sonosphere in the form of sounds within a unit of soil (sonopedon), sounds from a landscape unit (sonotope), and the sonic ecotone (sonotone) where these phenomena converge. We recorded sounds for 24 h over 20 days in September 2024 at 40 sites distributed evenly across a small rural parcel of agricultural land in Northern Italy. We utilized a sound recording device fabricated with a sonic probe that simultaneously operated inside the soil and the grounds’ surface, which successfully captured sounds attributable both to the soilscape and to the landscape. We calculated the Sonic Heterogeneity Indices, SHItf and SHIft, and analyzed the Spectral and Temporal Sonic Signatures along with Spectral Sonic Variability, Effective Number of Frequency Bins, and Sonic Dissimilarity. Each calculation contributed to a detailed description of how the sonosphere is characterized across the frequency spectrum, temporal dynamics, and sound sources. The sonosphere in our study area, primarily characterized by the low-frequency spectra, possessed a mix of biological, geophysical, and anthropogenic sounds displaying distinct temporal patterns (sonophases) that coincided with astronomic divisions of the day (daytime, twilights, and nighttime).
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