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Development, migration and security in East Asia: people's movements and non-traditional security challenges in a changing East Asia

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As is well known in all demographic text books, population dynamics is attributed to changes in fertility, mortality, and migration. The change in fertility will immediately change the number of the young population, particularly those below five years old. Change in mortality can affect any age group of the population. In developing countries, change in mortality usually affects the young population more than the old population; while in developed countries change in mortality affects the number of old population more than the young one. In both fertility and mortality changes, there is almost no change in the "culture" of the population. However, it is very different with migration. As described by Tirtosudarmo in this volume, the impact of changes in fertility and mortality will be seen in the long run, but the impact of changes in migration can be seen in a relatively short time.
Migrants are most likely to be young and productive. They may affect the working age group more than the non-working age group. Furthermore, migrants may come from very different cultures, and they are usually the winners in the economic and political fields. Social and economic jealousies appear and are often accompanied by a perception among the locals that the migrants will eventually wipe them out. Therefore, not only do migrants change the number and age-composition of the population, they may also alter the social, economic and political composition of the population. A society may not be necessarily prepared to face a fast change in population composition. In particular, in this volume, Tirtosudarmo argues that change in ethnic composition is more likely to become an important issue with the rising flow of migration, especially during the current era of globalisation when people from various cultural backgrounds move around the world. Ethnicity and religion become very crucial factors in determining cultural markers among people. Ideological tension will appear in the more subtle politics of identity. Sen (2006) argues that rising identity may have two opposing sides, one positive and the other negative. On the positive side, rising identity may be an asset for a society by increasing the sense of belonging in a community. On the negative side, rising identity may be detrimental to the society because a strong identity might mean that other people are excluded. A well-integrated community, with strong internal solidarity, might suddenly show its ugly side when migrants (strangers) enter the community. The adversity of exclusion might occur at the same time as the gifts of inclusion. Violence resulting from identity conflicts has occurred all around the world. Al Qaeda is a recent example of a group that has heavily cultivated and exploited a militant Islamic identity, with Westerners as its specific target.

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Availability

KP.XXXI .000099	KP XXI ANW d	My Library	Available
KP.331.62/KP XXI.000	KP.331.62/KP XXI ANW d	Perpustakaan Komnas Perempuan (Perpustakaan Komnas Perempuan)	Available

Detail Information

Series Title

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Call Number

KP.X.ANW d

Publisher

Jakarta : The Habibie Center., 2005

Collation

iv, 347p. ; 21 cm.

Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

9799938627

Classification

KP.X

Content Type

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Media Type

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Carrier Type

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Edition

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Subject(s)

Keamanan
Buruh migran
Pengungsi
Asia Tenggara
Migrasi

Specific Detail Info

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Statement of Responsibility

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